// ~->[DNET-1]->~

// File created by Norsys using Netica 1.12 on Aug 30, 1998 at 19:01:36.

bnet Car_Diagnosis_0 {
comment = "\n\
	Car Diagnosis 0                          Copyright 1998 \
	Norsys Software Corp.\n\n\
	This is a simplified example belief network to represent the \
	working \n\
	relationships between parts of a car.\n\n\
	It has only the nodes and links; it does not have any \
	probabilistic\n\
	relations (CPTs) entered.  If it had CPTs, it could be used \n\
	for diagnosing car problems, among other things.\n\n\
	This network was designed by Norsys Software Corp.\n\n\n\
	TUTORIAL:          Automatic Learning of Probabilities\n\
	--------\n\n\
	As mentioned above, this belief net does not have any CPTs\n\
	(conditional probability tables).  You can verify that by \
	clicking\n\
	on a node to select it, and then choosing \
	Relation->View/Edit.\n\
	The table will be empty.  You can tell that ALL the tables \
	are empty\n\
	because if you select all the nodes and try to choose \
	Report->Relation CPT\n\
	you will see that the menu entry is dimmed.\n\n\
	Choose File->Open As Text, and open \"Car Cases.cas\".  The \
	columns don't line\n\
	up very well because of the tab stop settings, but you can \
	see that it has\n\
	a line near the top with headings for the columns, which are \
	the node names.\n\
	Each subsequent line stands for observations made during a \
	diagnosis \n\
	situation with a particular car.  An asterisk indicates an \
	observation that\n\
	wasn't made.\n\n\
	We can use this set of past observations to learn the \
	probabilities for the\n\
	car diagnosis belief net.  Click in the belief net to make it \
	active\n\
	(but make sure no nodes are selected), and choose \
	Relation->Incorp Case File.  \n\
	Select \"Car Cases.cas\" from the dialog box, and accept the \
	default of 1 for \n\
	the degree.  The CPTs will be learned very quickly.\n\n\
	Click on \"Spark Quality\" and then choose \
	Relation->View/Edit to see one of\n\
	the tables learned.  Then using the popup menu in the upper \
	left of that\n\
	window, you can view the learned CPTs of other nodes.\n\n\
	If you now have further data of more observations, it is easy \
	to combine\n\
	it with what has already been learned.  Choose \
	Relation->Incorp Case File,  \n\
	this time select \"More Car Cases.cas\" from the dialog box, \
	and again accept \n\
	the default of 1 for the degree.  After the learning, it will \
	be as if\n\
	Netica learned from one large file of cases containing the \
	cases from\n\
	both files.\n\n\
	At this point you may want to compile the network and try \
	some inference\n\
	to see if the results make sense.  For example, try entering \
	findings of\n\
	bright, dim and off to Headlights (indicating how the \
	headlights look when\n\
	they are turned on).  If the headlights are dim, then it is \
	believed that\n\
	Voltage at Plug will be weak, but if Battery Voltage is \
	measured as strong,\n\
	then the plug voltage changes to strong as well, overriding \
	the headlight\n\
	observation.\n\n\
	If you want to remove the effects of learning from \"Car \
	Cases.cas\", so that\n\
	the network will be as if it had only learned from \"More Car \
	Cases.cas\", \n\
	then choose Relation->Incorp Case File, select \"Car \
	Cases.cas\" \n\
	from the dialog box, and this time change the degree to -1 \
	(to unlearn). \n\
	After the unlearning, it will be as if the network had only \
	learned from\n\
	\"More Car Cases.cas\".\n\n\
	Now we can test the performance of this network using the \
	case file\n\
	\"Car Cases.cas\".  In general, you can use a file of cases \
	that were used\n\
	during the learning to also test the performance, but that \
	can produce\n\
	misleading results, and it is better to use a set of test \
	cases that were\n\
	not used during the learning, as we will do now.\n\n\
	Suppose we want all the nodes except Headlights, Battery Age, \
	Car Cranks,\n\
	and Car Starts to be unobserved.  That is fairly difficult \
	diagnosis,\n\
	since so few things are being observed.  Select those nodes, \
	and then hold\n\
	down the shift key while choosing Edit->Select All, to \
	reverse the selection\n\
	(since we want the unobserved nodes to be selected).  Then \
	choose \n\
	Network->Test Using Cases, and select \"Car Cases.cas\".\n\n\
	A report will be generated for each node being diagnosed \
	(i.e. unobserved).\n\
	For other networks, depending on what the nodes represent, \
	these could be \n\
	diagnosis, predictions, classifications, or a combination.\n\n\
	Look at the report for Voltage At Plug.  The confusion matrix \
	shows that\n\
	most of the diagnosis were correct (9.78% in error).  Each \
	number in the\n\
	matrix corresponds to how many of the test cases fell into \
	that category.\n\
	See the Netica onscreen help for further information.\n\n\n\n\
	\n\n\n\
	";
author = "BoerlageB";
whenchanged = 904528896;

visual V1 {
	defdispform = BELIEFBARS;
	nodelabeling = TITLE;
	nodefont = font {shape= "Arial"; size= 10;};
	linkfont = font {shape= "Arial"; size= 9;};
	windowposn = (88, 8, 762, 627);
	CommentShowing = TRUE;
	CommentWindowPosn = (88, 626, 762, 873);
	resolution = 72;
	drawingbounds = (800, 720);
	showpagebreaks = FALSE;
	usegrid = TRUE;
	gridspace = (6, 6);
	PrinterSetting A {
		margins = (1270, 1270, 1270, 1270);
		landscape = FALSE;
		magnify = 1;
		};
	};

node Alter {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	chance = CHANCE;
	states = (Okay, Faulty);
	parents = ();
	title = "Alternator";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (474, 78);
		height = 6;
		};
	};

node Charging {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (Okay, Faulty);
	parents = (Alter);
	title = "Charging system";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (474, 138);
		height = 4;
		};
	};

node BatAge {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = FALSE;
	states = (new, old, very_old);
	levels = (0, 2, 5, INFINITY);
	parents = ();
	title = "Battery age";
	comment = "New 0-2 yrs, Old 3-5 yrs, Very-old >5 yrs";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (312, 84);
		height = 2;
		};
	};

node BatVolt {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (strong, weak, dead);
	parents = (Charging, BatAge);
	title = "Battery voltage";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (474, 204);
		height = 5;
		link 2 {
			path = ((312, 119), (312, 138), (403, 176));
			};
		};
	};

node MFuse {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (okay, blown);
	parents = ();
	title = "Main fuse";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (156, 78);
		height = 1;
		};
	};

node Dist {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (Okay, Faulty);
	parents = ();
	title = "Distributer";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (102, 204);
		height = 11;
		};
	};

node PlugVolt {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (strong, weak, none);
	parents = (MFuse, Dist, BatVolt);
	title = "Voltage at plug";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (264, 204);
		height = 3;
		};
	};

node StMotor {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (Okay, Faulty);
	parents = ();
	title = "Starter Motor";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (138, 456);
		height = 15;
		};
	};

node Starter {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (Okay, Faulty);
	parents = (MFuse, StMotor, BatVolt);
	title = "Starter system";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (324, 456);
		height = 7;
		link 1 {
			path = ((109, 106), (18, 156), (18, 414), (180, 414), (253, 436));
			};
		link 3 {
			path = ((474, 239), (474, 336), (357, 429));
			};
		};
	};

node Lights {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (bright, dim, off);
	parents = (BatVolt);
	title = "Headlights";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (570, 288);
		height = 14;
		};
	};

node Plugs {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (okay, too_wide, fouled);
	parents = ();
	title = "Spark plugs";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (366, 282);
		height = 9;
		};
	};

node SpkQual {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (good, bad, very_bad);
	parents = (Plugs, PlugVolt);
	title = "Spark quality";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (294, 360);
		height = 10;
		link 2 {
			path = ((264, 239), (264, 288), (280, 325));
			};
		};
	};

node Cranks {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (True, False);
	parents = (Starter);
	title = "Car cranks";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (414, 528);
		height = 8;
		link 1 {
			path = ((357, 484), (380, 501));
			};
		};
	};

node Timing {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (good, bad, very_bad);
	parents = (Dist);
	title = "Spark timing";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (102, 372);
		height = 12;
		};
	};

node Starts {
	kind = NATURE;
	discrete = TRUE;
	states = (True, False);
	parents = (Cranks, Timing, SpkQual);
	title = "Car starts";
	whenchanged = 904528887;
	visual V1 {
		center = (576, 528);
		height = 13;
		link 2 {
			path = ((180, 390), (252, 408), (462, 408), (551, 501));
			};
		link 3 {
			path = ((372, 368), (522, 384), (566, 501));
			};
		};
	};

node TITLE1 {
	kind = ASSUME;
	discrete = FALSE;
	chance = DETERMIN;
	parents = ();
	title = "Car Diagnosis 0";
	whenchanged = 904506242;
	visual V1 {
		center = (300, 24);
		font = font {shape= "Times New Roman"; size= 18;};
		height = 16;
		};
	};
ElimOrder = (Alter, Lights, Charging, BatAge, StMotor, Starter, Plugs, Starts, Timing, SpkQual, BatVolt, MFuse, Dist, PlugVolt, Cranks);
};