@Book{agha:86, authorkey = "AghaG", author = "G. Agha", title = "{ACTORS}: {A} Model of Concurrent Computation in Distributed Systems", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", year = "1990", } @InProceedings{lncs206*19, authorkey = "AghaG HewittC", author = "G. Agha and C. Hewitt", title = "Concurrent Programming Using Actors Exploiting Large-Scale Parallelism", pages = "19--41", ISBN = "3-540-16042-6", editor = "S. N. Meheshwari", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science", address = "New Delhi, India", month = dec, year = "1985", series = "LNCS", volume = "206", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", } @InCollection{agha:88, authorkey = "AghaG HewittC", author = "Gul Agha and Carl Hewitt", title = "Concurrent Programming using Actors", editor = "A. Yonezawa and M. Tokoro", booktitle = "Object-Oriented Concurrent Programming", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", series = "Computer Systems Series", year = "1988", pages = "37--53", } @InCollection{aitken:95, authorkey = "AitkenAS SchmalhoferF ShadboltN", author = "A. S. Aitken and F. Schmalhofer and N. Shadbolt", title = "A knowledge-level characterisation of multi-agent systems", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "179--190", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", } @InCollection{anderson:90b, authorkey = "AndersonTL DonathM", author = "T. L. Anderson and M. Donath", title = "Animal behaviour as a paradigm for developing robot autonomy", editor = "P. Maes", booktitle = "Designing Autonomous Agents", pages = "145--168", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", year = "1990", } @InCollection{arkin:91, authorkey = "ArkinRC", author = "R. C. Arkin", title = "Integrating behavioral, perceptual, and world knowledge in reactive navigation", booktitle = "Designing Autonomous Agents", editor = "P. Maes", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", pages = "105--122", year = "1991", } @InProceedings{aylett:93, authorkey = "AylettR EustaceD", author = "R. Aylett and D. Eustace", title = "Multiple cooperating robots -- combining planning and behaviours", editor = "S. M. Deen", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 1993 Workshop on Cooperating Knowledge Based Systems (CKBS-93)", pages = "3--11", address = "DAKE Centre, University of Keele, UK", year = "1994", url = "http://www.salford.ac.uk/iti/projects/MACTA/papers/CKBS93.ps", } @InCollection{bailey:94, authorkey = "BaileyDL", author = "D. L. Bailey", title = "Automating business processes with software agents", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "95--98", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @Book{baron:95, authorkey = "Baron-CohenS", author = "S. Baron-Cohen", title = "MindBlindness", publisher = "MIT Press/AAAI Press", address = "Cambridge, MA", year = "1995", } @Article{bates:92, authorkey = "BatesJ", author = "J. Bates", title = "Virtual reality, art, and entertainment", journal = "PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environemts", number = "1", volume = "1", pages = "133--138", year = "1992", url = "http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/oz/web/papers/presence\_1\_1.ps.gz", } @TechReport{bates:92b, authorkey = "BatesJ LoyallAB ReillyWS", author = "J. Bates and A. Bryan Loyall and W. Scott Reilly", title = "Integrating reactivity, goals, and emotion in a broad agent", number = "CMU-CS-92-142", institution = "School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University", address = "Pittsburgh, PA", month = may, year = "1992", url = "http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/oz/web/papers/CMU-CS-92-142.ps", } @InProceedings{bates:94, authorkey = "BatesJ LoyallAB ReillyWS", author = "J. Bates and A. Bryan Loyall and W. Scott Reilly", title = "An architecture for action, emotion, and social behaviour", editor = "C. Castelfranchi and E. Wemer", booktitle = "Artificial Social Systems Selected Papers from the Fourth European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents in a Multi-Agent World, MAAMAW-92 (LNAI Volume 830)", pages = "55--68", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", year = "1994", url = "http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/oz/web/papers/CMU-CS-92-144.ps", } @InCollection{bell:95, authorkey = "BellJ", author = "J. Bell", title = "Changing attitudes", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "40--55", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", abstract = "This paper brings together ideas from work on commonsense causal reasoning and work on formalizing attitudes, such as beliefs, desires, intentions and obligations, to provide the basis of a theory of changing attitudes. It takes the view that rational agents do not change their attitudes without reason, and aims to represent such changes in teleological theories. the infrastructure of these theories contain persistence rules which state that agents attitudes persist unless they have reason to change them. Theories giving the agents' reasons for changing their attitudes build on these. This leads to a discussion of rationality in resource-bounded agents and the paper concludes by outlining an AI-planning theory of rational agency.", } @Article{belnap:92a, authorkey = "BelnapN PerloffM", author = "N. Belnap and M. Perloff", title = "The Way of the Agent", journal = "Studia Logica", volume = "51", pages = "463--484", year = "1992", } @InProceedings{MAAMAW94*90, authorkey = "BijnensS JoosenW VerbaetenP", author = "Stijn Bijnens and Wouter Joosen and Pierre Verbaeten", title = "Language Constructs for Coordination in an Agent Space", pages = "90--105", ISBN = "3-540-61157-6", editor = "John W. Perram and Jean-Pierre M{\"u}ller", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Modelling Autonomous Agents in Multi-Agent World : Distributed Software Agents and Applications", month = aug, series = "LNAI", volume = "1069", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", address = "Berlin", year = "1996", broken-url = "http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/~stijn/PUBLICATIONS/maamaw-94.ps", } @TechReport{blythe:93, authorkey = "BlytheJ ReillyWS", author = "J. Blythe and W. Scott Reilly", title = "Integrating reactive and deliberative planning for agents", number = "CMU-CS-93-155", institution = "School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University", address = "Pittsburgh, PA", month = may, year = "1993", url = "ftp://reports.adm.cs.cmu.edu/usr/anon/1993/CMU-CS-93-155.ps", } @InCollection{bonasso:95a, authorkey = "BonassoRP KortenkampD MillerDP SlackM", author = "R. P. Bonasso and D. Kortenkamp and D. P. Miller and M. Slack", title = "Experiences with an Architecture for Intelligent, Reactive Agents", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents II (LNAI 1037)", editor = "M. Wooldridge and J. P. M{\"u}ller and M. Tambe", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", pages = "187--202", year = "1996", url = "ftp://hobbes.jsc.nasa.gov/pub/korten/jetai.ps.Z", } @InCollection{bond:89, authorkey = "BondAH GasserL", author = "Alan H. Bond and Les Gasser", title = "Themes in distributed artificial intelligence", editor = "Alan H. Bond and Les Gasser", booktitle = "Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence", pages = "vii--xv", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1989", } @Article{brooks:86, authorkey = "BrooksRA", author = "Rodney A. Brooks", title = "A robust layered control system for a mobile robot", journal = "IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation", volume = "RA-2", number = "1", pages = "14--23", month = apr, year = "1986", url = "http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/brooks/papers/AIM-864.ps.Z", } @InCollection{brooks:90, authorkey = "BrooksRA", author = "Rodney A. Brooks", title = "A robot that walks: Emergent behaviors from a carefully evolved network", editor = "Patric Henry Winston and Sarah Alexandra Shellard", booktitle = "Artificial Intelligence at MIT, Expanding Frontiers", pages = "28--39", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", year = "1990", url = "http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/brooks/papers/AIM-1091.ps.Z", } @TechReport{bryan:91, authorkey = "LoyallAB BatesJ", author = "A. Bryan Loyall and J. Bates", title = "{HAP}: {A} reactive, adaptive architecture for agents", number = "CMU-CS-91-147", institution = "School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University", address = "Pittsburgh, PA", month = jun, year = "1991", url = "http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/oz/web/papers/CMU-CS-91-147.ps.gz", } @InCollection{burkhard:95, authorkey = "BurkhardHD", author = "H.-D. Burkhard", title = "Agent-oriented programming for open systems", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "291--306", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", } @InProceedings{burmeister:90b, authorkey = "BurmeisterB SundermeyerK", author = "B. Burmeister and K. Sundermeyer", title = "{COSY}: Towards a methodology of multi-agent systems", booktitle = "In International Working Conference of Cooperating Knowledge-Based Systems", address = "Keele, UK", year = "1990", } @InProceedings{bussmann:94, authorkey = "BussmannS DemazeauY", author = "S. Bussmann and Y. Demazeau", title = "An agent model combining reactive and cognitive capabilities", booktitle = "Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS-94)", address = "Munich, Germany", month = sep, year = "1994", } @InCollection{carbonell:90, authorkey = "CarbonellJG KnoblockC MintonS", author = "J. G. Carbonell and C. Knoblock and S. Minton", title = "Prodigy: An integrated architecture for planning and learning", editor = "K. Van Lehn", booktitle = "Architectures for Intelligence", publisher = "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates", year = "1990", } @InProceedings{carbonell:90b, authorkey = "CarbonellJG GilY JosephR KnoblockCA MintonS VelosoMM", author = "J. G. Carbonell and Y. Gil and R. Joseph and C. A. Knoblock and S. Minton and M. M. Veloso", title = "Designing an intergrated architecture: the Prodigy view", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Annual Conference on the Cognitive Science Society", year = "1990", } @InCollection{carley:92, authorkey = "CarleyK Kjaer-HansenJ PrietulaM NewellA", author = "K. Carley and J. Kjaer-Hansen and M. Prietula and A. Newell", title = "Plural-soar: {A} prolegomenon to artificial agents and organizational behavior", booktitle = "Artificial Intelligence in Organization and Management Theory: Models of Distributed Activity", editor = "M. Masuch and M. Warglien", publisher = "North-Holland", address = "Amsterdam, The Netherlands", pages = "87--118", year = "1992", } @InCollection{castelfranchi:95, authorkey = "CastelfranchiC", author = "C. Castelfranchi", title = "Guarantees for autonomy in cognitive agent architecture", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architecture, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "56--70", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", } @Proceedings{castelfranchi:94, editor = "C. Castelfranchi and E. Wemer", title = "Artificial Social Systems -- Selected Papers from the Fourth European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents in a Multi-Agent World, {MAAMAW}-92", number = "830", series = "Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", year = "1994", } @InProceedings{chaib-draa:94, authorkey = "Chaib-DraaB LevesqueP", author = "B. Chaib-Draa and P. Levesque", title = "Hierarchical models and communication in multi-agent environments", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Sixth European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Worlds (MAAMAW-94)", pages = "119--134", address = "Odense, Denmark", month = aug, year = "1994", } @Article{chaib-draa:92, authorkey = "Chaib-DraaB MoulinB MandiauR MillotP", author = "B. Chaib-Draa and B. Moulin and R. Mandiau and P. Millot", title = "Trends in distributed artificial intelligence", journal = "Artificial Intelligence Review 1(6)", number = "1", volume = "6", pages = "35--66", year = "1992", url = "http://iris.ift.ulaval.ca/publications/chaib/10.ps.gz", } @MastersThesis{coen:94, authorkey = "CoenMH", author = "M. H. Coen", title = "SodaBot: {A} software agent environment and construction system", school = "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology", month = may, year = "1994", url = "ftp://ftp.ai.mit.edu/pub/users/mhcoen/aitr-1493.ps.Z", } @InCollection{cohen:94, authorkey = "CohenPR CheyerA", author = "P. R. Cohen and A. Cheyer", title = "An open agent architecture", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "1--8", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @InProceedings{Cohen:1995:CAA, title = "Communicative Actions for Artificial Agents", authorkey = "CohenPR LevesqueHJ", author = "Philip R. Cohen and Hector J. Levesque", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi--Agent Systems", pages = "65--72", year = "1995", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", address = "San Francisco, CA", editor = "Victor Lesser", url = "http://www.cse.ogi.edu/CHCC/Papers/sharonPaper/ourkqml8.pdf", abstract = "This paper considers the semantics of the agent communication language KQML. By using this language for communication, agents will be able to request and deliver services to one another. Indeed, numerous projects have shown how the language can profitably support interoperation among distributed agents. However, before becoming a widely-accepted standard, it would be worthwhile to examine the language in detail. This paper explores semantical issues raised by KQML, specifically the use of performatives for interagent communication. Numerous difficulties with the language are identified, and an attempt is made to point to their resolution. The paper illustrates the kind of semantics we believe to be necessary to characterize agent communication languages, and applies it to compose a question from a request and an inform. Finally, the paper discusses possible impacts to be felt on various KQML decisions from the semantical issues raised here.", } @Book{Cohen88, authorkey = "CohenPR MorganJ PollackME", author = "Philip R. Cohen and Jerry Morgan and Martha E. Pollack", title = "Intentions in Communication", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", address = "Cambridge, Ma", year = "1988", keywords = "abook", } @TechReport{connah:88, authorkey = "ConnahD ShielsM WavishR", author = "D. Connah and M. Shiels and R. Wavish", title = "A testbed for research on cooperating agents", number = "Technical Note 2644", institution = "Philips Research Labs", address = "England", year = "1988", note = "also short version in ECAI88", } @InProceedings{cremer:94, authorkey = "CremerJ KearneyJ PapelisY RomanoR", author = "J. Cremer and J. Kearney and Y. Papelis and R. Romano", title = "The software architecture for scenario control in the iowa driving simulator", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Coliference oil Computer Gellerated Forces and Behavioral Representation", address = "Orlando, Florida", institution = "Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central Florida", year = "1994", } @PhdThesis{dabija:93, authorkey = "DabijaVG", author = "V G. Dabija", title = "Deciding Whether to Plan to React", school = "Stanford University, Departmerit of Computer Science", month = dec, year = "1993", } @Book{delcerro:1992, editor = "L. F. del Cerro and M. Penttonen", title = "lntensional Logics for Programming", publisher = "Oxford University Press", address = "Oxford, England", year = "1992", } @Proceedings{demazeau:90b, editor = "Y. Demazeau and J.-P. M{\"{u}}ller", title = "Decentralized {AI} - Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents in a Multi-Agent World ({MAAMAW}-89)", publisher = "Elsevier Science B.V.: Amsterdam, Netherland", year = "1990", } @Proceedings{demazeau:91b, editor = "Y. Demazeau and J.-P. M{\"{u}}ller", title = "Decentralized {AI} 2 - Proceedings of the Second European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents in a Multi-Agent World ({MAAMAW}-90)", publisher = "Elsevier Science B.V.: Amsterdam, Netherland", year = "1991", } @InCollection{doran:92, authorkey = "DoranJ", author = "J. Doran", title = "Distributed {AI} and its applications", booktitle = "Advanced Topics in Artificial Intelligence (LNAI Volume 617)", pages = "368--372", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", year = "1992", } @InCollection{drogoul:95, authorkey = "DrogoulA CorbaraB LalandeS", author = "A. Drogoul and B. Corbara and S. Lalande", title = "{MANTA}: New experimental results on the emergence of (artificial) ant societies", editor = "N. Gilbert and R. Conte", booktitle = "Artificial Societies: The Computer Simulation of Social Life", pages = "190--211", publisher = "UCL Press", address = "London", year = "1995", } @InProceedings{drummond:90, authorkey = "DrummondME KaelblingLP", author = "M. E. Drummond and L. P. Kaelbling", title = "Integrated agent architectures: Benchmark tasks and evaluation metrics", booktitle = "Proceedings of the DARPA Workshop on Innovative Approaches to Planning, Scheduling, and Control", pages = "408--411", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1990", } @InCollection{dunin-keplicz:95, authorkey = "Dunin-KepliczB TreurJ", author = "B. Dunin-Keplicz and J. Treur", title = "Compositional formal specification of multi-agent systems", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "102--117", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "http://www.cs.vu.nl/~wai/Papers/ATAL94.formspec26.ps", } @InProceedings{durfeegmytrasiewicz92, authorkey = "DurfeeEH GmytrasiewiczP", author = "E. H. Durfee and P. Gmytrasiewicz", title = "Truth, Lies, Belief and Disbelief in Communication between Autonomous Agents", booktitle = "Working Papers of the 11th International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence", publisher = "Glen Arbor, MI", pages = "107--126", year = "1992", } @Misc{fipa1:97, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA} 97 Specification Part 1: Agent Management", note = "Version 2.0", month = oct, year = "1998", url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/f8a21.doc", } @Misc{fipa2:97, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA} 97 Specification Part 2: Agent Communication Language", note = "Version 2.0", month = oct, year = "1997", url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/f8a22.zip", } @Misc{fipa3:97, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA} 97 Specification Part 3: Agent Software Integration", note = "Version 1.0", month = oct, year = "1997", url = "ftp://ftp.fipa.org/Specs/FIPA97/f7a13pdf.zip", } @Misc{fipa4:97, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA} 97 Specification Part 4: Personal Travel Assistance", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1997", url = "ftp://ftp.fipa.org/Specs/FIPA97/f7a14pdf.zip", } @Misc{fipa5:97, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA} 97 Specification Part 5: Personal Assistant", note = "Version 1.0", month = oct, year = "1997", url = "ftp://ftp.fipa.org/Specs/FIPA97/f7a15pdf.zip", } @Misc{fipa6:97, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA} 97 Specification Part 6: Audio/Video Entertainment and Broadcasting", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1997", url = "ftp://ftp.fipa.org/Specs/FIPA97/f7a16pdf.zip", } @Misc{fipa7:97, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA} 97 Specification Part 7: Network Management and Provisioning", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1997", url = "ftp://ftp.fipa.org/Specs/FIPA97/f7a17pdf.zip", } @Misc{fipa98:13, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA 98 Specification Part 13: Developers Guide}", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1998", month = oct, url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/fipa8a29.zip", } @Misc{fipa98:12, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA 98 Specification Part 12: Ontology Service}", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1998", month = oct, url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/fipa8a28.zip", } @Misc{fipa98:11, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA 98 Specification Part 11: Agent Management support for Mobility}", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1998", month = oct, url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/fipa8a27.doc", } @Misc{fipa98:10, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA 98 Specification Part 10: Agent Security Management}", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1998", month = oct, url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/fipa8a26.doc", } @Misc{fipa98:8, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA 98 Specification Part 8: Human-Agent Interaction}", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1998", month = oct, url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/fipa8a24.zip", } @Misc{fipa98:1, author = "Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents", title = "{FIPA 98 Specification Part 1: Agent Management}", note = "Version 1.0", year = "1998", month = oct, url = "http://www.fipa.org/spec/fipa8a23.doc", } @InProceedings{durfee:93, authorkey = "DurfeeE LeeJ GmytrasiewiczPJ", author = "E. Durfee and J. Lee and P. J. Gmytrasiewicz", title = "Overeager reciprocal rationality and mixed strategy equilibria", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence", pages = "109--129", address = "Hidden Valley, Pennsylvania", month = may, year = "1993", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/durfee/aaai93.ps.Z", } @Article{durfee:91, authorkey = "DurfeeEH", author = "E. H. Durfee", title = "The distributed artificial intelligence melting pot", journal = "IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (Special Section on DAI)", volume = "21", number = "6", month = nov # "/" # dec, year = "1991", pages = "1301--1306", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/durfee/smc-dai91intro.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{Durfee:1989:MFT, authorkey = "DurfeeE MontgomeryT", author = "E. Durfee and T. Montgomery", title = "{MICE}: {A} Flexible Testbed for Intelligent Coordination Experiments", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on Distributed AI", year = "1989", address = "Rosario, Washington", month = sep, pages = "25--40", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/durfee/daiw89.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{AAAI::DurfeeM1990, title = "A Hierarchical Protocol for Coordinating Multiagent Behaviors", authorkey = "DurfeeEH MontgomeryTA", author = "E. H. Durfee and T. A. Montgomery", editor = "T. S. W. Dietterich", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 8th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence", address = "Hynes Convention Centre", month = jul # "--" # aug, year = "1990", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", pages = "86--93", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/durfee/aaai90.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{sendurfee92a, authorkey = "SenS DurfeeEH", author = "S. Sen and E. H. Durfee", title = "Automated Meeting Scheduling among Heterogeneous Agents", booktitle = "Workshop Notes: Cooperation Among Heterogeneous Intelligent Systems", year = "1992", pages = "116--120", organization = "AAAI-92", address = "San Jose Convention Center, CA", month = jul, } @InProceedings{Gmytrasiewicz:1993:RAO, title = "Reasoning About Other Agents: {P}hilosophy, Theory, and Implementation", authorkey = "GmytrasiewiczPJ DurfeeEH", author = "Piotr J. Gmytrasiewicz and Edmund H. Durfee", pages = "143--153", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence", month = may, year = "1993", address = "Hidden Valley, Pennsylvania", } @InProceedings{durfee:94, authorkey = "DurfeeEH RosenscheinJ", author = "E. H. Durfee and J. Rosenschein", title = "Distributed problem solving and multiagent systems: Comparisons and examples", editor = "M. Klein", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on DAI", pages = "94--104", address = "Lake Quinalt, WA", year = "1994", url = "ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/users/jeff/dai94edjeff.ps.gz", } @InProceedings{elsaesser:94, authorkey = "ElsaesserC SlackMG", author = "C. Elsaesser and M. G. Slack", title = "Deliberative planning in a robot architecture", booktitle = "Proceedings of the AIAAINASA Conference on Intelligent Robots in Field, Factory, Senyice, and Space", year = "1994", } @PhdThesis{ferguson:phd, authorkey = "FergusonIA", author = "I. A. Ferguson", title = "TouringMachines: An Architecture for Dynamic, Rational, Mobile Agents", school = "Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge", address = "UK", year = "1992", url = "http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/ftp/papers/reports/TR273-iaf-thesis.ps.gz", } @InCollection{ferguson:95, authorkey = "FergusonIA", author = "I. A. Ferguson", title = "Integrated control and coordinated behaviour", editor = "M. J. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents - Theories, Architectures, and Languages, volume 890 of Lecture Notes in AI", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ai.iit.nrc.ca/pub/ksl-papers/NRC-38329.pdf", abstract = "This paper presents a new architecture for controlling autonomous agents in dynamic multi-agent worlds, building on previous work addressing reactive and deliberative control methods. The proposed multi-layered architecture allows a rationally bounded, goal-directed agent to reason predictively about potential conflicts by constructing causal theories which explain other agents' observed behaviors and hypothesize their intentions; at the same time it enables the agent to operate autonomously and to react promptly to changes in its real-time environment. A principal aim of this research is to understand the role different functional capabilities play in constraining an agent's behavior under varying environmental conditions. To this end, an experimental testbed has been constructed comprising a simulated multi-agent world in which a variety of agent configurations and behaviors have been investigated. A number of experimental findings are reported.", } @InProceedings{fischer:93, authorkey = "FischerK", author = "K. Fischer", title = "The Rule-based Multi-Agent System {MAGSY}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the CKBS'92 Workshop", institution = "Keele University", year = "1993", url = "ftp://ftp.dfki.uni-sb.de/pub/MAGSY/Papers/CKBS92.ps.gz", } @Proceedings{fischer:94, editor = "K. Fischer and G. M. P. O'Hare", title = "International Workshop on Decision Theory for {DAI} Applications", address = "Amsterdam, The Netherlands", year = "1994", note = "ECAI'94", } @InProceedings{fisher:94b, authorkey = "FisherM", author = "M. Fisher", title = "A survey of Concurrent \textsc{MetateM} --- the language and its applications", editor = "D. M. Gabbay and H. J. Ohlbach", booktitle = "Temporal Logic - Proceedings of the First Intemational Conference (LNAI Volume 827)", pages = "480--505", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jul, year = "1994", url = "http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/STAFF/michael/mdf-pubs/ictl94-survey.ps", } @InProceedings{fischer:95b, authorkey = "FisherM", author = "M. Fisher", title = "Representing and executing agent-based systems", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "307--323", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/STAFF/michael/mdf-pubs/ecai94lnai.ps", } @InCollection{fisher:95c, authorkey = "FisherM", author = "M. Fisher", title = "Towards a semantics for Concurrent \textsc{MetateM}", editor = "M. Fisher and R. Owens", booktitle = "Executable Modal and Temporal Logics", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", year = "1995", url = "http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/STAFF/michael/mdf-pubs/extol93-tlr.ps", } @InProceedings{fischer:93b, authorkey = "FisherM WooldridgeM", author = "M. Fisher and M. Wooldridge", title = "Executable temporal logic for distributed {AI}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Twelfth International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence (IWDAI93)", pages = "131--142", address = "Hidden Valley, PA", month = may, year = "1993", url = "http://www.elec.qmw.ac.uk/dai/people/mikew/pubs/iwdai93.ps", } @InProceedings{fischer:93e, authorkey = "FisherM WooldridgeM", author = "M. Fisher and M. Wooldridge", title = "Specifying and verifying distributed intelligent systems", editor = "M. Filgueiras and L. Damas", booktitle = "Progress in Artificial Intelligence - Sixth Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence (LNAI Volume 727)", pages = "13--28", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = oct, year = "1993", url = "http://www.elec.qmw.ac.uk/dai/people/mikew/pubs/epia93.ps", } @InCollection{fischer:95d, authorkey = "FisherM WooldridgeM", author = "M. Fisher and M. Wooldridge", title = "A logical approach to simulating societies", editor = "N. Gilbert and R. Conte", booktitle = "Artificial Societies: The Computer Simulation of Social Life", pages = "268--284", publisher = "UCL Press", address = "London", year = "1995", url = "http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/STAFF/michael/mdf-pubs/simsoc93.ps", note = "Electronically available paper is preliminary version presented at Second International Workshop on Simulating Societies.", } @PhdThesis{galliers:88, authorkey = "GalliersJR", author = "J. R. Galliers", title = "A Theoretical Framework for Computer Models of Cooperative Dialogue, Acknowledging Multi-Agent Conflict", school = "Open University", address = "UK", year = "1988", abstract = "This thesis describes a theoretical framework for modelling cooperative dialogue. The linguistic theory is a version of speech act theory adopted from Cohen and Levesque, in which dialogue utterances are generated and interpreted pragmatically in the context of a theory of rational interaction. The latter is expressed as explicitly and formally represented principles of rational agenthood and cooperative interaction. The focus is the development of strategic principles of multi-agent interaction as such a basis for cooperative dialogue. In contrast to the majority of existing work, these acknowledge the positive role of conflict to multi-agent cooperation, and make no assumptions regarding the benevolence and sincerity of agents. The result is a framework wherein agents can resolve conflicts by negotiation. It is a preliminary stage to the future building of computer models of cooperative dialogue for both HCI and DAI, which will therefore be more widely and generally applicable than those currently in existence. The theory of conflict and cooperation is expressed in the different patterns of mental states which characterize multi-agent conflict, cooperation and indifference as three alternative postural relations. Agents can recognize and potentially create these. Dialogue actions are the strategic tools with which mental states can be manipulated, whilst acknowledging that agents are autonomous over their mental states; they have control over what they acquire and reveal in dialogue. Strategic principles of belief and goal adoption are described in terms of the relationships between autonomous agents' beliefs, goals, preferences, and interests, and the relation of these to action. Veracity, mendacity, concealing and revealing are defined as properties of acts. The role of all these elements in reasoning about dialogue action and conflict resolution, is testea in analyses of two example dialogues; a record of a real trade union negotiation and an extract from ``Othello'' by Shakespeare.", } @InCollection{gasser:92, authorkey = "GasserL BriotJP", author = "L. Gasser and J. P. Briot", title = "Object-based Concurrent Programming and Distributed Artificial Intelligence", booktitle = "Distributed Artificial Intelligence: Theory and Praxis", pages = "81--108", publisher = "Kluwer Academic publishers", address = "Boston, MA", year = "1992", url = "ftp://ftp.yl.is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pub/members/briot/papers/obcp2dai-dai-kluwer92.ps.gz", } @Book{gasser:89, authorkey = "GasserL HuhnsMN", author = "L. Gasser and M. N. Huhns", title = "Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Volume {II}", series = "Research Notes in Artificial Intelligence", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1989", } @InProceedings{gat:91, authorkey = "GatE", author = "E. Gat", title = "Alfa: a language for programming reactive robotic control systems", booktitle = "Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Robotics and Automation", year = "1991", } @PhdThesis{gat:91b, authorkey = "GatE", author = "E. Gat", title = "Reliable Goal-directed Reactive Control for Real-World Autonomous Mobile Robots", school = "Virginia Polytechnic and State University", address = "Blacksburg, Virginia", year = "1991", } @InProceedings{gat:92, authorkey = "GatE", author = "E. Gat", title = "Integrating planning and reacting in a heterogeneous asynchronous architecture for controlling real-world mobile robots", booktitle = "Proceedings of AAAI'92", pages = "809--815", year = "1992", abstract = "This paper presents a heterogeneous, asynchronous architecture for controlling autonomous mobile robots which is capable of controlling a robot performing multiple tasks in real time in noisy, unpredictable environments. The architecture produces behavior which is reliable, task-directed (and taskable), and reactive to contingencies. Experiments on real and simulated real-world robots are described. The architecture smoothly integrates planning and reacting by performing these two functions asynchronously using heterogeneous architectural elements, and using the results of planning to guide the robot's actions but not to control them directly. The architecture can thus be viewed as a concrete implementation of Agre and Chapman's plans-as-communications theory. The central result of this work is to show that completely unmodified classical AI programming methodologies using centralized world models can be usefully incorporated into real-world embedded reactive systems.", } @InProceedings{georgeff:89, authorkey = "GeorgeffMP IngrandFF", author = "Michael P. Georgeff and F{\'e}lix F. Ingrand", title = "Decision-making in embedded reasoning systems", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 11th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", pages = "972--978", year = "1989", url = "ftp://ftp.laas.fr/pub/ria/felix/publis/ijcai89.ps.gz", abstract = "The development of reasoning systems that can reason and plan in a continuously changing environment is emerging as an important area of research in Artificial Intelligence. This paper describes some of the features of a Procedural Reasoning System (PRS) that enables it to operate effectively in such environments. The basic system design is first described and it is shown how this architecture supports both goal-directed reasoning and the ability to react rapidly to unanticipated changes in the environment. The decision-making capabilities of the system are then discussed and it is indicated how the system integrates these components in a manner that takes account of the bounds on both resources and knowledge that typify most real-time operations. The system has been applied to handling malfunctions on the space shuttle, threat assessment, and the control of an autonomous robot.", } @InProceedings{georgeff:86, authorkey = "GeorgeffMP LanskyAL", author = "Michael P. Georgeff and Amy L. Lansky", title = "Procedural knowledge", booktitle = "Proceedings of the IEEE Special Issue on Knowledge Representation", volume = "74", pages = "1383--1398", year = "1986", } @InProceedings{gmytrasiewicz:93, authorkey = "GmytrasiewiczP DurfeeEH", author = "P. Gmytrasiewicz and E. H. Durfee", title = "Elements of a utilitarian theory of knowledge and action", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-93)", pages = "396--402", address = "Chambery, France", year = "1993", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/durfee/ijcai93.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{gmytrasiewicz:92, authorkey = "GmytrasiewiczPJ DurfeeEH", author = "P. J. Gmytrasiewicz and E. H. Durfee", title = "A game-theoretic perspective on the concepts of' interaction, coordination, and cooperation", booktitle = "Proceedings of the AAAI Workshop on Cooperation among Heterogeneous Intelligent Systems", pages = "25--29", address = "San Jose, CA", year = "1992", note = "AAAI", } @InProceedings{gmytrasiewicz:95, authorkey = "GmytrasiewiczPJ DurfeeEH", author = "P. J. Gmytrasiewicz and E. H. Durfee", title = "A rigorous, operational formalization of recursive modeling", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems (ICMAS-95)", address = "San Francisco, CA", month = jun, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/durfee/icmas95-gd.ps.Z", } @InCollection{golden:94, authorkey = "GoldenK EtzioniO WeldD", author = "K. Golden and O. Etzioni and D. Weld", title = "Omnipotence without omniscience: Efficient sensor management for software agents", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "31--36", publisher = "aaaip", month = mar, year = "1994", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ai/tr94-01-03.ps.Z", } @PhdThesis{haddadi:95, authorkey = "HaddadiA", author = "A. Haddadi", title = "Reasoning About Cooperation in Agent Systems: {A} Pragmatic Theory", school = "University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST)", month = mar, year = "1995", } @InProceedings{hagg:94, authorkey = "HaggS YggeF GustavssonR OttossonH", author = "S. H{\"{a}}gg and F. Ygge and R. Gustavsson and H. Ottosson", title = "{DA}-{SoC}: {A} testbed for modelling distributed automation applications using agent-oriented programming", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Sixth European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents and Multi-Ageiit Worlds (MAAMAW-94)", pages = "39--51", month = aug, year = "1994", } @InProceedings{haugeneder:94, authorkey = "HaugenederH SteinerD McCabeFG", author = "H. Haugeneder and D. Steiner and F. G. McCabe", title = "{IMAGINE}: {A} framework for building multi-agent systems", editor = "S. M. Deen", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 1994 International Working Conference on Cooperating Knowledge Based Systems (CKBS-94)", pages = "31--64", institution = "DAKE Centre, University of Keele", address = "UK", year = "1994", } @TechReport{hayes-roth:89, authorkey = "Hayes-RothB", author = "B. Hayes-Roth", title = "Making intelligent systems adaptive", number = "STAN-CS-881226", institution = "Stanford University", address = "Stanford, CA", month = oct, year = "1989", } @Article{hayes-roth:90, authorkey = "Hayes-RothB", author = "B. Hayes-Roth", title = "Architectural foundations for real-time performance in intelligent agents", journal = "The Journal of Real-Time Systems", volume = "2", pages = "99--125", year = "1990", url = "ftp://ftp-ksl.stanford.edu/pub/KSL\_Reports/KSL-89-63.ps", } @InProceedings{hayes-roth:95, authorkey = "Hayes-RothB", author = "B. Hayes-Roth", title = "Agents on stage: Advancing the state of the art in {AI}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-95)", pages = "967--971", address = "Montreal, Quebec, Canada", month = aug, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp-ksl.stanford.edu/pub/KSL\_Reports/KSL-95-50.ps", } @Article{hayes-roth:95b, authorkey = "Hayes-RothB", author = "B. Hayes-Roth", title = "An architecture for adaptive intelligent systems", journal = "Artificial Intelligence", volume = "72", number = "1-2", pages = "329--365", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp-ksl.stanford.edu/pub/KSL\_Reports/KSL-93-19.ps", } @InProceedings{henz:93, authorkey = "HenzM SmolkaG WurtzJ", author = "Martin Henz and Gert Smolka and J{\"o}rg W{\"u}rtz", title = "Oz -- a programming language for multi-agent systems", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-93)", pages = "404--409", editor = "Ruzena Bajcsy", address = "Chambery, France", year = "1993", url = "http://www.iscs.nus.edu.sg/~henz/publications/ps/IJCAI93.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{hewitt:90, authorkey = "HewittCE", author = "C. E. Hewitt", title = "Towards open information systems semantics", editor = "M. N. Huhns", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence", year = "1990", } @InCollection{holte:94, authorkey = "HolteRC DrummondC", author = "R. C. Holte and C. Drummond", title = "A learning apprentice for browsing", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "37--42", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", url = "http://www.csi.uottawa.ca/~holte/Publications/aaai94ss.ps", } @InCollection{huang:95, authorkey = "HuangJ JenningsNR FoxJ", author = "J. Huang and N. R. Jennings and J. Fox", title = "An agent architecture for distributed medical care", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "219--232", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp.elec.qmw.ac.uk/pub/isag/distributed-ai/publications/Intelligent-Agents95.ps.Z", } @PhdThesis{huffman:94, authorkey = "HuffmanSB", author = "Scott B. Huffman", title = "Instructable Autonomous Agents", school = "The University of Michigan, Department of Computer Science and Engineering", month = jan, year = "1994", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/huffman/papers/thesis.ps.Z", } @Proceedings{huhns:90, editor = "M. N. Huhns", title = "Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence", address = "Bandera, Texas", month = oct, year = "1990", } @Book{huhns:87, authorkey = "HuhnsMN", author = "M. N. Huhns", title = "Distributed Artificial Intelligence", publisher = "Pitman/Morgan Kaufmann", address = "San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1987", } @InProceedings{huntbach:95, authorkey = "HuntbachMM JenningsNR RingwoodGA", author = "M. M. Huntbach and N. R Jennings and G. A. Ringwood", title = "How agents do it in stream logic programming", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems (ICMAS-95)", pages = "177--184", address = "San Francisco, CA", month = jun, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp.elec.qmw.ac.uk/pub/isag/distributed-ai/publications/ICMAS95a.ps.Z", } @Article{jennings:93, authorkey = "JenningsNR", author = "N. R. Jennings", title = "Specification and implementation of a belief-desire-joint-intention architecture for collaborative problem solving", journal = "Journal of Intelligent and Cooperative Information Systems", volume = "2", number = "3", pages = "289--318", year = "1993", url = "ftp://ftp.elec.qmw.ac.uk/pub/isag/distributed-ai/publications/IJICIS-2-3.ps.Z", } @Book{jennings:94, authorkey = "JenningsNR", author = "N. R. Jennings", title = "Cooperation in Industrial Multi-agent Systems", volume = "43", series = "World Scientific Series in Computer Science", publisher = "World Scientific Publishing Co.", year = "1994", note = "ISBN: 981-02-1652-1", } @Article{jennings:95, authorkey = "JenningsNR WooldridgeM", author = "N. R. Jennings and M. Wooldridge", title = "Applying agent technology", journal = "Applied Artificial Intelligence", volume = "9", number = "4", pages = "351--361", year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp.elec.qmw.ac.uk/pub/isag/distributed-ai/publications/AAI95a.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{kaelbling:86, authorkey = "KaelblingLP", author = "L. P. Kaelbling", title = "An architecture for intelligent reactive systems", editor = "Michael P. Georgeff and Amy L. Lansky", booktitle = "Reasoning About Actions \& Plans - Proceedings of the 1986 Workshop", pages = "395--410", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1986", } @InCollection{kaelbling:90, authorkey = "KaelblingLP", author = "L. P. Kaelbling", title = "An architecture for intelligent reactive systems", editor = "J. Allen and J. Hendler and A. Tate", booktitle = "Readings in Planning", pages = "713--728", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1990", } @InCollection{kaelbling:90b, authorkey = "KaelblingLP RosenscheinSJ", author = "L. P. Kaelbling and S. J. Rosenschein", title = "Action and planning in embedded agents", editor = "P. Maes", booktitle = "Designing Autonomous Agents", pages = "35--48", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", year = "1990", } @InProceedings{kautz:94bb, authorkey = "KautzHA SelmanB CoenM KetchpelS", author = "H. A. Kautz and B. Selman and M. Coen and S. Ketchpel", title = "{An Experiment in the Design of Software Agents}", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", editor = "O. Etzioni", publisher = "AAAI Press", pages = "43--48", month = mar, year = "1994", url = "http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/mhcoen/aaai.ps", abstract = "We describe a bottom-up approach to the design of software agents. We built and tested an agent system that addresses the real-world problem of han-dling the activities involved in scheduling a visitor to our laboratory. The system employs both task-specific and user-centered agents, and communicates with users using both email and a graphicalinterface. This experiment has helped us to identify crucial requirements in the successful deployment of software agents, including issues of reliability, security, and ease of use. The architecture we de-veloped to meet these requirements is flexible and extensible, and is guiding our current research on principles of agent design.", } @Proceedings{klein:94, editor = "M. Klein and K. Sharma", title = "Proceedings of the 13th International Distributed Artificial Intelligence Workshop", address = "Seattle, WA., USA", month = jul # "28--30~", year = "1994", } @InCollection{knoblock:94, authorkey = "KnoblockCA ArensY", author = "C. A. Knoblock and Y. Arens", title = "An architecture for information retrieval agents", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "49--56", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @Book{laird:91, authorkey = "LairdJE LangleyR MitchellTM RosenbloomRS", author = "J. E. Laird and R. Langley and T. M. Mitchell and R. S. Rosenbloom", title = "Working notes of the {AAAI} spring Symposium on Integrated architectures", publisher = "AAAI Press", address = "Menlo Park, CA", year = "1991", note = "Appeared as a special section of SIGART Bulletin, 2(4), August, 1991", } @InCollection{lakin:94, authorkey = "LakinF", author = "F. Lakin", title = "A visual agent for performance graphics", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "103--106", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @InCollection{lansky:94, authorkey = "LanskyAL", author = "Amy L. Lansky", title = "A data analysis assistant", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "57--63", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @Proceedings{lesser:95, editor = "V. R. Lesser", title = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems", address = "San Francisco, CA", year = "1995", publisher = "AAAI Pres/MIT", } @InProceedings{levesque:90, authorkey = "LevesqueHJ CohenPR NunezJHT", author = "H. J. Levesque and P. R. Cohen and J. H. T. Nunez", title = "On acting together", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 8th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence", pages = "94--99", address = "Boston, MA", year = "1990", abstract = "Joint action by a team does not consist merely of simultaneous and coordinated individual actions; to act together, a team must be aware of and care about the status of the group effort as a whole. We present a formal definition of what it could mean for a group to jointly commit to a common goal, and explore how these joint commitments relate to the individual commitments of the team members. We then consider the case of joint intention, where the goal in question involves the team performing some action. In both cases, the theory is formulated in a logical language of belief, action, and time previously used to characterize individual commitment and intention. An important consequence of the theory is the types of communication among the team members that it predicts will often be necessary.", } @InProceedings{luck:95, authorkey = "LuckM dInvernoM", author = "M. Luck and M. d'Inverno", title = "A formal framework for agency and autonomy", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems (ICMAS-95)", pages = "254--260", address = "San Francisco, CA", month = jun, year = "1995", url = "http://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/people/academic/Michael.Luck/papers/icmas95.ps", } @InProceedings{lyons:92, authorkey = "LyonsDM HendriksAJ", author = "D. M. Lyons and A. J. Hendriks", title = "A practical approach to integrating reaction and deliberation", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on AI Planning Systems (AIPS)", pages = "153--162", address = "San Mateo, CA, USA", month = jun, year = "1992", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", } @Book{maes:90, editor = "P. Maes", title = "Designing Autonomous Agents", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", year = "1990", } @Article{maes:94b, authorkey = "MaesP", author = "P. Maes", title = "Modeling adaptive autonomous agents", journal = "Artificial Life, I", volume = "(1\&2)", number = "9", year = "1994", url = "http://pattie.www.media.mit.edu/people/pattie/alife-journal.ps", } @InCollection{maes:94c, authorkey = "MaesP", author = "P. Maes", title = "Social interface agents: Acquiring competence by learning from users and other agents", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "71--78", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @InProceedings{maes:94d, authorkey = "MaesP DarrellT BlumbergB PentlandS", author = "P. Maes and T. Darrell and B. Blumberg and S. Pentland", title = "Interacting with animated autonomous agents", editor = "J. Bates", booktitle = "Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium on Believable Agents", year = "1994", } @InCollection{malec:95, authorkey = "MalecJ", author = "J. Malec", title = "A unified approach to intelligent agency", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "233--244", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "http://www.ida.liu.se/~jacma/official/psfiles/ecai94.ps.gz", } @InCollection{mccabe:95, authorkey = "McCabeFG ClarkKL", author = "Frank G. McCabe and Keith L. Clark", title = "April -- agent process interaction language", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI volume 890)", pages = "324--340", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", abstract = "In this paper we introduce key features of a programming language for building DAI and other types of distributed applications requiring the transmission and manipulation of complex symbolic data. The language is high-level and yet also offers a simple and smooth interface to other programming languages such as ``C''. April is oriented to the implementation of multi-agent systems. However, April is NOT a `multi-agent applications language'. It does not directly offer high level features such as: planners, problem solvers and knowledge representation systems that a multi-agent applications language might be expected to include. April is more an object based concurrent language with objects as processes. This is a highly suitable base for extension to DAI and multi-agent application platforms.", url = "http://www-lp.doc.ic.ac.uk/~klc/april1.ps.gz", } @InCollection{mcdermott:90, authorkey = "McDermottD", author = "D. McDermott", title = "Planning reactive behaviour: {A} progress report", editor = "J. Allen and J. Hendler and A. Tate", booktitle = "Innovative Approaches to Planning, Scheduling, and Control", pages = "450--458", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1990", } @TechReport{mcdermott:91, authorkey = "McDermottD", author = "D. McDermott", title = "Robot planning", number = "861", institution = "Yale University, Department of Computer Science", year = "1991", } @InCollection{mitchell:90, authorkey = "MitchellTM AllenJ ChalasaniR ChengJ EtzioniO RinguetteM SchlimmerJC", author = "T. M. Mitchell and J. Allen and R. Chalasani and J. Cheng and O. Etzioni and M. Ringuette and J. C. Schlimmer", title = "Theo: {A} framework for self-improving systems", editor = "K. VanLehn", booktitle = "Architectures for Intelligence", publisher = "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates", address = "Hillsdale, New Jersey", year = "1990", } @InCollection{moffat:95, authorkey = "MoffatD FrijdaN", author = "D. Moffat and N. Frijda", title = "Where there's a will there's an agent", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "245--260", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", } @TechReport{montgomery:92, authorkey = "MontgomeryT LeeJ MuslinerD DurfeeE DarmouthD SoY", author = "T. Montgomery and J. Lee and D. Musliner and E. Durfee and D. Darmouth and Y. So", title = "{MICE Users Guide}", number = "CSE-TR-64-90", institution = "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Univ. of Michigan", month = jan, year = "1992", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/jaeho/miceman.ps", } @PhdThesis{muller:96, authorkey = "MullerJP", author = "J. P. M{\"u}ller", title = "An Architecture for Dynamically Interacting Agents", school = "Universit{\"a}t des Saarlandes, Saarbrucken", year = "1996", } @Article{muller:94b, authorkey = "MullerJP PischelM", author = "J. P. M{\"u}ller and M. Pischel", title = "An architecture for dynamically interacting agents", journal = "International Journal of Intelligent and Cooperative Information Systems (IJICIS)", volume = "3", number = "1", pages = "25--45", year = "1994", } @InCollection{nii:89, authorkey = "NiiP AielloN RiceJ", author = "P. Nii and N. Aiello and J. Rice", title = "Experiments on Cage and Poligon: Measuring the performance of parallel blackboard systems", editor = "L. Gasser and M. Huhns", booktitle = "Distributed Artificial Intelligence Volume II", pages = "319--384", publisher = "Pitman Publishing: London and Morgan Kaufmann", address = "San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1989", } @InCollection{norman:95, authorkey = "NormanTJ LongD", author = "T. J. Norman and D. Long", title = "Goal creation in motivated agents", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "277--290", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp.elec.qmw.ac.uk/pub/isag/distributed-ai/publications/ATAL94.ps.gz", } @Book{mitchell:94, editor = "T. Mitchell and O. Etzioni and P. Maes and Y. Shoham", title = "Software Agents", series = "Spring Symposium Series", address = "Stanford, Ca.", month = mar, year = "1994", publisher = "AAAI Press", note = "Working Notes", } @InProceedings{pednault:86, authorkey = "PednaultE", author = "E. Pednault", title = "Formulating multi-agent dynamic world problems in the classical planning paradigm", booktitle = "Reasoning About Actions \& Plans - Proceedings of the 1986 Workshop", pages = "47--82", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1986", } @Article{poggi:95, authorkey = "PoggiA", author = "A. Poggi", title = "{DAISY}: An object-oriented system for distributed artificial intelligence", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", journal = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "“341--354", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", abstract = "This paper presents an object-oriented distributed system, called DAISY, for the development and experimentation of Distributed Artificial Intelligence systems and algorithms. This system is based on two programming levels: object level and agent level. Both the levels allow to define, implement and experiment systems. While the object level offers a large set of ``low level'' programming means (a large set of program constructs, a set of ``low level'' communication procedures, and so on), the agent level, which is implemented on the object level, offers a limited set of ``high level'' programming means (few program constructs, a fixed set of ``high level'' communication procedures derived by {\it speech act theory} and a fixed set of ``high level'' procedures to manage agent's knowledge). In particular, the paper shows the use of DAISY for modeling an airline reservation scenario and a manufacturing plant scenario.", } @InProceedings{rao:94, authorkey = "RaoAS", author = "Anand S. Rao", title = "Means-End Plan Recognition : Towards a Theory of Reactive Recognition", pages = "497--508", ISBN = "1-55860-328-X", editor = "Pietro Torasso {Jon Doyle, Erik Sandewall}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning", address = "Bonn, FRG", month = may, year = "1994", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", } @InProceedings{Rao:1995:BAT, title = "{BDI} Agents: from theory to practice", authorkey = "RaoAS GeorgeffMP", author = "Anand S. Rao and Michael P. Georgeff", pages = "312--319", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi--Agent Systems", year = "1995", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", address = "San Francisco, CA", editor = "Victor Lesser", abstract = "The study of agents situated in dynamic environments capable of rational behaviour has received a great deal of attention in recent years. Theoretical formalizations of such agents and their implementations have proceeded in parallel with little or no connection between them. This paper explores a particular type of rational agent, a Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agent. The primary aim of this paper is to integrate (a) the theoretical foundations of BDI agents from both a quantitative decision-theoretic perspective and a symbolic reasoning perspective; (b) the implementations of BDI agents from an ideal theoretical perspective and a more practical perspective; and (c) the building of large-scale applications based on BDI agents. In particular, an air-traffic management application will be analyzed from both a theoretical and an implementation perspective.", } @InProceedings{ijcai91*498, authorkey = "RaoAS GeorgeffMP", author = "Anand S. Rao and Michael P. Georgeff", title = "Asymmetry Thesis and Side-Effect Problems in Linear-Time and Branching-Time Intention Logics", pages = "498--505", ISBN = "1-55860-160-0", editor = "Ray {Myopoulos, John; Reiter}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-91)", address = "Sydney, Australia", month = aug, year = "1991", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", } @InCollection{Rao:AgentSpeak, authorkey = "RaoAS", author = "Anand S. Rao", title = "{AgentSpeak(L)}: {BDI} Agents Speak Out in a Logical Computable Language", editor = "W. van der Velde and J. W. Perram", booktitle = "Agents Breaking Away (LNAI 1038)", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", pages = "42--55", year = "1996", } @InProceedings{rao:91b, authorkey = "RaoAS GeorgeffMP", author = "Anand S. Rao and Michael P. Georgeff", title = "Modeling Agents Within a {BDI}-Architecture", editor = "R. Fikes and E. Sandewall", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2rd International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR'91)", pages = "473--484", address = "Cambridge, Mass.", month = apr, year = "1991", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", } @InProceedings{rao:92, authorkey = "RaoAS GeorgeffMP", author = "Anand S. Rao and Michael P. Georgeff", title = "An abstract architecture for rational agents", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR\&R'92)", editor = "C. Rich and W. Swartout and B. Nebel", pages = "439--449", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", month = oct, year = "1992", } @InProceedings{rao:95, authorkey = "RaoAS GeorgeffMP", author = "Anand S. Rao and Michael P. Georgeff", title = "{BDI}-agents: from theory to practice", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multiagent Systems", address = "San Francisco", year = "1995", url = "ftp://www.aaii.oz.au/pub/aaii-technotes/technote56.ps", } @TechReport{rao:95b, authorkey = "RaoAS GeorgeffMP", author = "Anand S. Rao and Michael P. Georgeff", title = "Formal models and decision procedures for multi-agent systems", number = "Technical Note 61", institution = "Australian AI Institute, Level 6", address = "171 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Australia", month = jun, year = "1995", url = "ftp://www.aaii.com.au/pub/aaii-technotes/technote61.ps.gz", abstract = "The study of computational agents capable of rational behaviour has received a great deal of attention in recent years. A number of theoretical formalizations for such multi-agent systems have been proposed. However, most of these formalizations do not have a strong semantic basis nor a sound and complete axiomatization. Hence, it has not been clear as to how these formalizations could be used in building agents in practice. This paper explores a particular type of multi-agent system, in which each agent is viewed as having the three mental attitudes of belief (B), desire (D), and intention (I). It provides a family of multi-modal branching-time BDI logics with a semantics that is grounded in traditional decision theory and a possible-worlds framework, categorizes them, provides sound and complete axiomatizations, and gives constructive tableau-based decision procedures for testing the satisfiability and validity of formulas. The computational complexity of these decision procedures is no greater than the complexity of their underlying temporal logic component. The paper thus provides a basis for developing formal methods to assist in the specification, design, and verification of complex multi-agent systems.", } @InProceedings{rao:94b, authorkey = "RaoAS MurrayG", author = "Anand S. Rao and Graeme Murray", title = "Multi--Agent Mental--State Recognition and its Application to Air--Combat Modeling", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI-94)", pages = "283--304", month = jul, address = "Seatle, WA", year = "1994", } @InProceedings{kr91*473, authorkey = "RaoAS GeorgeffMP", author = "Anand S. Rao and Michael P. Georgeff", title = "Modeling Rational Agents within a {BDI}-Architecture", pages = "473--484", ISBN = "1-55860-165-1", editor = "James Allen and Richard Fikes and Erik Sandewall", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning", month = apr, publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann publishers Inc.: San Mateo, CA, USA", year = "1991", } @InCollection{riecken:94b, authorkey = "RieckenD", author = "D. Riecken", title = "Re-membering: {A} theory of agents", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "114--117", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @InCollection{rus:94, authorkey = "RusD SubramanianD", author = "D. Rus and D. Subramanian", title = "Designing structure-based information agents", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "79--86", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @InCollection{schlimmer:94, authorkey = "SchlimmerJC HermensLA", author = "J. C. Schlimmer and L. A. Hermens", title = "A software agent for note taking", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "118--121", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @PhdThesis{seel:89, authorkey = "SeelN", author = "N. Seel", title = "Agent Theories and Architectures", school = "Surrey University", address = "Guildford, UK", year = "1989", } @InCollection{Shibayama:Yonezawa:oocp:1987, authorkey = "ShibayamaE YonezawaA", author = "Etsuya Shibayama and Akinori Yonezawa", title = "Distributed computing in {ABCL}/1", editor = "Akinori Yonezawa and Mario Tokoro", booktitle = "Object-Oriented Concurrent Programming", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", year = "1987", pages = "91--128", } @InProceedings{shoham:91, authorkey = "ShohamY", author = "Y. Shoham", title = "Agent-oriented programming", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on DAI", pages = "345--353", year = "1991", } @InProceedings{singh:90, authorkey = "SinghMP", author = "M. P. Singh", title = "Group intentions", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Tenth International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence (IWDAI-90)", year = "1990", url = "http://www4.ncsu.edu/eos/info/dblab/www/mpsingh/papers/mas/dai-90.ps", } @InProceedings{singh:90b, authorkey = "SinghMP", author = "M. P. Singh", title = "Towards a theory of situated know-how", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Ninth European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI-90)", pages = "604--609", address = "Stockholm, Sweden", year = "1990", } @InProceedings{singh:90c, authorkey = "SinghMP", author = "M. P. Singh", title = "Group ability and structure", editor = "Y. Demazeau and J.-P.{\"{u}}ller", booktitle = "Decentralized AI 2 --- Proceedings of the Second European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents in a Multi-Agent World (MAAMAW-90)", pages = "127--146", publisher = "Elsevier Science B.V.: Amsterdam, Netherland", year = "1991", url = "http://www4.ncsu.edu/eos/info/dblab/www/mpsingh/papers/mas/decentralized-ai-chapter.ps", } @InProceedings{singh:91, authorkey = "SinghMP", author = "M. P. Singh", title = "Social and psychological commitments in multiagent systems", booktitle = "AAAI Fall Symposium on Knowledge and Action at Social and Organizational Levels", year = "1991", url = "http://www4.ncsu.edu/eos/info/dblab/www/mpsingh/papers/mas/fall-symp-91-longer.ps", } @InProceedings{singh:91b, authorkey = "SinghMP", author = "M. P. Singh", title = "Towards a formal theory of communication for multi-agent systems", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Twelfth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-91)", pages = "69--74", address = "Sydney, Australia", year = "1991", url = "http://www4.ncsu.edu/eos/info/dblab/www/mpsingh/papers/mas/ijcai-91.ps", } @Article{smith:80b, authorkey = "SmithRG DavisR", author = "R. G. Smith and R. Davis", title = "Frameworks for cooperation in distributed problem solving", journal = "IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics", volume = "11", number = "1", year = "1980", } @InCollection{sommaruga:89, authorkey = "SommarugaL AvourisN LiedekerkeM", author = "L. Sommaruga and N. Avouris and M. Van Liedekerke", title = "An environment for experimentation with interactive cooperating knowledge-based systems", editor = "N. Shadbolt", booktitle = "Research and Developmen in Expert Systems VI", publisher = "Cambridge University Press", address = "Cambridge, England", year = "1989", } @InCollection{soutchanski:95, authorkey = "SoutchanskiM TernovskaiaE", author = "M. Soutchanski and E. Ternovskaia", title = "Logical formalization of concurrent actions for multiagent systems", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "129--144", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~mes/papers/concurr.ps.Z", } @InCollection{steels:90, authorkey = "SteelsL", author = "L. Steels", title = "Exploiting analogical representations", editor = "P. Maes", booktitle = "Designing Autonomous Agents", pages = "71--88", publisher = "The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA", year = "1990", } @InProceedings{steiner:93, authorkey = "SteinerDD BurtA KolbM LerinC", author = "D. D. Steiner and A. Burt and M. Kolb and Ch. Lerin", title = "The conceptual framework of {MAI02L}", booktitle = "Pre-Proceedings of MAAMAW'93", address = "NeuchAtel, Switzerland", month = aug, year = "1993", } @Book{suchman:87, authorkey = "SuchmanLA", author = "L. A. Suchman", title = "Plans and Situated Actions", publisher = "Cambridge Universtiy Press", address = "Cambridge", year = "1987", } @InProceedings{tambe:95, authorkey = "TambeM", author = "M. Tambe", title = "Recursive agent and agent-group tracking in a real-time dynamic environment", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multiagent Systems (ICMAS'95)", address = "San Francisco, CA", month = jun, year = "1995", url = "http://www.isi.edu/teamcore/tambe/papers/95/AT/icmas2.ps", } @InProceedings{tambe:94, authorkey = "TambeM JonesR LairdJE RosenbloomPS SchwambK", author = "M. Tambe and R. Jones and J. E. Laird and P. S. Rosenbloom and K. Schwamb", title = "Building believable agents for simulation environments", editor = "J. Bates", booktitle = "Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium on Believable Agents", year = "1994", url = "http://www.isi.edu/teamcore/tambe/papers/94/symp-paper.ps", } @Article{tambe:95c, authorkey = "TambeM RosenbloomPS", author = "M. Tambe and P. S. Rosenbloom", title = "Event tracking in a dynamic multi-agent environment", journal = "Computational Intelligence", volume = "12", number = "3", year = "1995", url = "http://www.isi.edu/teamcore/tambe/papers/95/AT/final3.ps", } @PhdThesis{thomas:93a, authorkey = "ThomasSR", author = "Sarah Rebecca Thomas", title = "{PLACA}, an Agent Oriented Programming Language", school = "Computer Science Department, Stanford University", address = "Stanford, CA 94305", month = aug, year = "1993", note = "(Available as technical report STAN--CS--93--1487)", } @InProceedings{atal94*355, authorkey = "ThomasSR", author = "S. Rebecca Thomas", title = "The {PLACA} Agent Programming Language", pages = "355--370", ISBN = "3-540-58855-8", editor = "Michael J. Wooldridge and Nicholas R. Jennings", booktitle = "Proceedings of the {ECAI}-94 Workshop on Agent Theories, architectures and languages: Intelligent Agents {I}", month = aug, series = "LNAI", volume = "890", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", address = "Berlin", year = "1995", } @Article{thomas:92a, authorkey = "ThomasSR ShohamY SchwartzA KrausS", author = "S. R. Thomas and Y. Shoham and A. Schwartz and S. Kraus", title = "Preliminary Thoughts on an Agent Description Language", journal = "International Journal of Intelligent Systems", pages = "497--508", volume = "6", year = "1991", } @InCollection{toomey:94, authorkey = "ToomeyC JohnsonR", author = "C. Toomey and R. Johnson", title = "Software agents for automating multiple-tool tasks", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "122--125", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @Book{vanlehn:89, authorkey = "VanLehnK", author = "K. VanLehn", title = "Architectures for Intelligence", publisher = "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates", address = "Hillsdale, New Jersey", year = "1989", } @InProceedings{vidal:95, authorkey = "VidalJ DurfeeE", author = "J. Vidal and E. Durfee", title = "Recursive agent modeling using limited rationality", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multiagent Systems (ICMAS'95)", address = "San Francisco, CA", month = jun, year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp.eecs.umich.edu/people/durfee/icmas95-vd.ps.Z", } @InCollection{voorhees:94, authorkey = "VoorheesEM", author = "E. M. Voorhees", title = "Software agents for information retrieval", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "126--129", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", } @PhdThesis{ward:91, authorkey = "WardB", author = "B. Ward", title = "{ET}-Soar: Toward an {ITS} for Theory-Based Representations", school = "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University", month = may, year = "1991", } @InCollection{wavish:95, authorkey = "WavishP GrahamM", author = "P. Wavish and M. Graham", title = "Roles, skills, and behaviour: a situated action approach to organising systems of interacting agents", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "371--385", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", } @InProceedings{webber:93, authorkey = "WebberB BadlerN", author = "B. Webber and N. Badler", title = "Virtual interactive collaborators for simulation and training", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Generated Forces and Behavioral Representation", address = "Orlando, Florida", institution = "Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central Florida", month = may, year = "1993", } @InCollection{weerasooriya:95, authorkey = "WeerasooriyaD RaoA RamamohanaraoK", author = "D. Weerasooriya and A. Rao and K. Ramamohanarao", title = "Design of a concurrent agent-oriented language", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "386--402", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "ftp://www.aaii.com.au/pub/aaii-technotes/technote52.ps", } @InProceedings{werner:90b, authorkey = "WernerE", author = "E. Werner", title = "What Can Agents Do Together: {A} semantics of co-operative ability", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Ninth European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI-90)", address = "Stockholm, Sweden", pages = "694--701", year = "1990", } @Book{witting:92, authorkey = "WittigT", author = "T. Wittig", title = "{ARCHON}: An Architecture for Multi-Agent Systems", publisher = "Ellis Horwood, Chichester", year = "1992", } @InProceedings{wooldridge:94, authorkey = "WooldridgeM", author = "M. Wooldridge", title = "Coherent social action", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Eleventh European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI-94)", pages = "279--283", address = "Amsterdam, The Netherlands", year = "1994", url = "http://www.elec.qmw.ac.uk/dai/people/mikew/pubs/ecai94.ps", } @InCollection{wooldridge:95, authorkey = "WooldridgeM", author = "M. Wooldridge", title = "This is {MYWORLD}: The logic of an agent-oriented {DAI} testbed", editor = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", booktitle = "Intelligent Agents: Theories, Architectures, and Languages (LNAI Volume 890)", pages = "160--178", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jan, year = "1995", url = "http://www.elec.qmw.ac.uk/dai/people/mikew/pubs/atal94.ps", } @InProceedings{wooldridge:92, authorkey = "WooldridgeM FisherM", author = "M. Wooldridge and M. Fisher", title = "A first-order branching time logic of multi-agent systems", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Tenth European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI-92)", pages = "234--238", address = "Vienna, Austria", year = "1992", url = "http://www.elec.qmw.ac.uk/dai/people/mikew/pubs/ecai92.ps", } @InProceedings{wooldridge:94b, authorkey = "WooldridgeM FisherM", author = "M. Wooldridge and M. Fisher", title = "A decision procedure for a temporal belief logic", editor = "D. M. Gabbay and H. J. Ohlbach", booktitle = "Temporal Logic - Proceedings of the First Interliational Conference (LNAI Volume 827)", pages = "317--331", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", month = jul, year = "1994", url = "http://www.elec.qmw.ac.uk/dai/people/mikew/pubs/ictl94.ps", } @Article{wooldridge:95b, authorkey = "WooldridgeM JenningsNR", author = "M. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", title = "Intelligent agents: Theory and practice", journal = "The Knowledge Engineering Review", volume = "10", number = "2", pages = "115--152", year = "1995", url = "ftp://ftp.elec.qmw.ac.uk/pub/isag/distributed-ai/publications/KE-REVIEW-95.ps.Z", } @PhdThesis{wooldridge:92b, authorkey = "WooldridgeMJ", author = "M. J. Wooldridge", title = "On the Logical Modelling of Computational Multi-Agent Systems", school = "UMIST, Department of Computation", address = "Manchester, UK", month = oct, year = "1992", url = "http://www.elec.qmw.ac.uk/dai/people/mikew/pubs/thesis.ps", } @Book{wooldridge:95c, authorkey = "WooldridgeMJ JenningsNR", author = "M. J. Wooldridge and N. R. Jennings", title = "Intelligent Agents - Theories, Architectures, and Languages", volume = "890", series = "Lecture Notes In Artificial Intelligence", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", year = "1995", } @InProceedings{rus:autonomous, authorkey = "RusD GrayR KotzD", author = "Daniela Rus and Robert Gray and David Kotz", title = "Autonomous and Adaptive Agents that Gather Information", booktitle = "AAAI~'96 International Workshop on Intelligent Adaptive Agents", year = "1996", month = aug, pages = "107--116", category = "mobile-ir", note = "Proceedings available as AAAI Technical Report WS-96-04", later = "rus:autonomous2", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/pub/kotz/papers/rus:autonomous.ps.Z", keyword = "transportable agents, distributed system, autonomous agent, artificial intelligence, robotics, dfk", abstract = "We have designed and implemented autonomous software agents. Autonomous software agents navigate independently through a heterogeneous network of computers. They can sense the state of the network, monitor software conditions, and interact with other agents. The network-sensing tools allow our agents to adapt to the network configuration and to navigate under the control of reactive plans. In this paper we illustrate the intelligent and adaptive behavior of autonomous agents in distributed information-gathering tasks.", } @InProceedings{gray:97, authorkey = "GrayR KotzD NogS RusD CybenkoG", author = "R. Gray and D. Kotz and S. Nog and D. Rus and G. Cybenko", title = "Mobile Agents: The Next Generation in Distributed Computing", booktitle = "Second Aizu International Symposium on Parallel Algorithms/Architectures Synthesis (pAs~'97)", address = "Fukushima, Japan", year = "1997", month = mar, publisher = "IEEE Computer Society Press", pages = "8--24", abstract = "{\em Mobile agents\/} are programs that can move through a network under their own control, migrating from host to host and interacting with other agents and resources on each. We argue that these mobile, autonomous agents have the potential to provide a convenient, efficient and robust programming paradigm for distributed applications, particularly when partially connected computers are involved. Partially connected computers include mobile computers such as laptops and personal digital assistants as well as modem-connected home computers, all of which are often disconnected from the network. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of our mobile-agent system, Agent Tcl, and the specific features that support mobile computers and disconnected operation. These features include network-sensing tools and a {\em docking\/} system that allows an agent to transparently move between mobile computers, regardless of when the computers connect to the network.", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/TR/TR96-285.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{gray:96, authorkey = "GrayRS", author = "Robert S. Gray", title = "{Agent Tcl: A Flexible and Secure Mobile-Agent System}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Tcl/Tk Workshop (TCL 96)", address = "Monterey, California", year = "1996", url = "http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~agent/papers/tcl96.ps.Z", } @TechReport{harker:95, authorkey = "HarkerK", author = "Kenneth Harker", title = "{TIAS: A Transportable Intelligent Agent System}", institution = "Dartmouth College, Computer Science", address = "Hanover, NH", number = "PCS-TR95-258", year = "1995", month = jun, url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/TR/TR95-258.ps.Z", comment = "Senior Undergraduate Honors Thesis.", abstract = "In recent years, there has been an explosive growth in the amount of information available to our society. In particular, the amount of information available on-line through vast networks like the global Internet has been growing at a staggering rate. This growth rate has by far exceeded the rate of growth in network speeds, as has the number of individuals and organizations seeking access to this information. There is thus a motivation to find abstract methods of manipulating this on-line data in ways that both serve the needs of end users efficiently and use network resources intelligently. In lieu of a traditional client-server model of information processing, which is both inflexible and potentially very inefficient, a Transportable Intelligent Agent system has the potential to achieve a more efficient and flexible network system. An intelligent agent is a program that models the information space for a user, and allows the user to specify how the information is to be processed. A transportable agent can suspend its execution, transport itself to a new location on a network, and resume execution at the new location. This is a particularly attractive model for both wireless and dialup networks where a user might not be able to maintain a permanent network connection, as well as for situations where the amount of information to be processed is large relative to the network bandwidth. Preliminary work in the field has shown that such agent systems are possible and deserve further study. This thesis describes a prototype transportable intelligent agent system that extends work already done in the field. Agents are written in a modified version of the Tcl programming language and transported using TCP/IP connections. Several simple examples demonstrate the properties of the system.", } @TechReport{nog:96, authorkey = "NogS ChawlaS KotzD", author = "Saurab Nog and Sumit Chawla and David Kotz", title = "{An RPC Mechanism for Transportable Agents}", institution = "Dartmouth College, Computer Science", address = "Hanover, NH", number = "PCS-TR96-280", year = "1996", month = mar, url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/TR/TR96-280.ps.Z", abstract = "Transportable agents are autonomous programs that migrate from machine to machine, performing complex processing at each step to satisfy client requests. As part of their duties agents often need to communicate with other agents. We propose to use remote procedure call (RPC) along with a flexible interface definition language (IDL), to add structure to inter-agent communication. The real power of our Agent RPC comes from a client-server binding mechanism based on flexible IDL matching and from support for multiple simultaneous bindings. Our agents are programmed in Agent Tcl; we describe how the Tcl implementation made RPC particularly easy to implement. Finally, although our RPC is designed for Agent Tcl programs, the concepts would also work for standard Tcl programs.", } @TechReport{gray:95b, authorkey = "GrayRS", author = "Robert S. Gray", title = "{Ph.D. Thesis Proprosal: Transportable Agents}", institution = "Dartmouth College, Computer Science", address = "Hanover, NH", number = "PCS-TR95-261", year = "1995", month = may, url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/TR/TR95-261.ps.Z", abstract = "One of the paradigms that has been suggested for allowing efficient access to remote resources is transportable agents. A transportable agent is a named program that can migrate from machine to machine in a heterogeneous network. The program chooses when and where to migrate. It can suspend its execution at an arbitrary point, transport to another machine and resume execution on the new machine. Transportable agents have several advantages over the traditional client/server model. Transportable agents consume less network bandwidth and do not require a connection between communicating machines -- this is attractive in all networks and particularly attractive in wireless networks. Transportable agents are a convenient paradigm for distributed computing since they hide the communication channels but not the location of the computation. Transportable agents allow clients and servers to program each other. However transportable agents pose numerous challenges such as security, privacy and efficiency. Existing transportable agent systems do not meet all of these challenges. In addition there has been no formal characterization of the performance of transportable agents. This thesis addresses these weakness. The thesis has two parts -- (1) formally characterize the performance of transportable agents through mathematical analysis and network simulation and (2) implement a complete transportable agent system.", } @InProceedings{rus:97c, authorkey = "RusD GrayR KotzDD", author = "Daniela Rus and Robert Gray and David David Kotz", title = "{Transportable Information Agents}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Autonomous Agents", editor = "W. Lewis Johnson and Barbara Hayes-Roth", year = "1997", month = feb, pages = "228--236", publisher = "ACM Press", address = "New York", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/pub/kotz/papers/rus:autonomous2.ps.Z", abstract = "Transportable agents are autonomous programs. They can move through a heterogeneous network of computers under their own control, migrating from host to host. They can sense the state of the network, monitor software conditions, and interact with other agents or resources. The network-sensing tools allow our agents to adapt to the network configuration and to navigate under the control of reactive plans. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of the navigation system that gives our agents autonomy. We also discuss the intelligent and adaptive behavior of autonomous agents in distributed information-gathering tasks.", } @InProceedings{peine:97, authorkey = "PeineH StolpmannT", author = "Holger Peine and Torsten Stolpmann", title = "{The Architecture of the Ara Platform for Mobile Agents}", booktitle = "First International Workshop on Mobile Agents MA'97", year = "1997", editor = "Radu Popescu-Zeletin and Kurt Rothermel", address = "{Berlin, Germany}", url = "http://www.uni-kl.de/AG-Nehmer/Projekte/Ara/Doc/architecture.ps.gz", abstract = "We describe a platform for the portable and secure execution of mobile agents written in various interpreted languages on top of a common run-time core. Agents may migrate at any point in their execution, fully preserving their state, and may exchange messages with other agents. One system may contain many virtual places, each establishing a domain of logically related services under a common security policy governing all agents at this place. Agents are equipped with allowances limiting their resource accesses, both globally per agent lifetime and locally per place. We discuss aspects of this architecture and report about ongoing work.", } @TechReport{peine:97b, authorkey = "HolgerP", author = "Peine Holger", title = "{An Introduction to Mobile Agent Programming and the Ara System}", year = "1997", number = "ZRI report 1/97", institution = "Department of Computer Science, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany", url = "http://www.uni-kl.de/AG-Nehmer/Projekte/Ara/Doc/intro-prog.ps.gz", abstract = "A good starting point for people new to Ara and possibly mobile agent programming in general. This assumes very little prerequisite knowledge, so expert readers might want to only skim through its initial sections. The report introduces mobile agents and the Ara system, regards potential applications, and proceeds to a fairly complete, but nonformal description of the Ara API, subsequently demonstrated on a larger example of a WWW searching agent. The report closes with some discussion of the Ara implementation and selected aspects of mobile agents in general.", } @TechReport{hirschl:97, authorkey = "HirschlM KotzD", author = "Melissa Hirschl and David Kotz", title = "{AGDB: A Debugger for Agent Tcl}", institution = "Dartmouth College, Computer Science", address = "Hanover, NH", number = "PCS-TR97-306", year = "1997", month = feb, url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/TR/TR97-306.ps.Z", abstract = "The Agent Tcl language is an extension of Tcl/Tk that supports distributed programming in the form of transportable agents. AGDB is a debugger for the Agent Tcl language. AGDB mixes of traditional and distributed debugging facilities. Traditional debugging features include breakpoints (line-specific, conditional, and once-only), watch conditions and variables, and interrupts. Distributed-debugging features address issues inherent in distributed programming such as migration and communication. These capabilities make debugging distributed programs difficult because they add complexities like race conditions to the set of problems a program can encounter. This paper discusses how AGDB uses distributed debugging features to debug agents.", } @InProceedings{kotay:94, authorkey = "KotayKD KotzD", author = "Keith D. Kotay and David Kotz", title = "{Transportable Agents}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the CIKM Workshop on Intelligent Information Agents, Third International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management", year = "1994", month = dec, address = "Gaithersburg, Maryland", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/pub/kotz/papers/kotay:agents.ps.Z", abstract = "As network information resources grow in size, it is often most efficient to process queries and updates at the site where the data is located. This processing can be accomplished by using a traditional client-server network interface, which constrains the client to the set of queries supported by the server, or requires the server to send all data to the client for processing. The former is inflexible; the latter is inefficient. Transportable agents, which support the movement of the client computation to the location of the remote resource, have the potential to be more flexible and more efficient. Transportable agents are capable of suspending their execution, transporting themselves to another host on a network, and resuming execution from the point at which they were suspended. Transportable agents consume fewer network resources and can support systems that do not have permanent network connections, such as mobile computers and personal digital assistants. We describe a prototype transportable-agent implementation that facilitates research in this area. Agents are written in a script language that supports agent relocation, and the language is processed at each host by an agent interpreter. Electronic mail is the current transport mechanism and we plan to explore others. We present a technical-report searching agent as a demonstration of the capabilities of our prototype implementation.", } @TechReport{gray:96b, authorkey = "GrayRS RusD KotzD", author = "Robert S. Gray and Daniela Rus and David Kotz", title = "{Transportable Information Agents}", institution = "Dartmouth College, Computer Science", address = "Hanover, NH", number = "PCS-TR96-278", year = "1996", month = feb, url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/TR/TR96-278.ps.Z", comment = "Revised version to appear in AAAI '96 Workshop on Intelligent Adaptive Agents.", abstract = "We have designed and implemented autonomous software agents. Autonomous software agents navigate independently through a heterogeneous network. They are capable of sensing the network configuration, monitoring software conditions, and interacting with other agents. Autonomous agents are implemented as transportable programs, e.g., programs that are capable of suspending execution, moving to a different machine, and starting from where they left off. We illustrate the intelligent behavior of autonomous agents in the context of distributed information-gathering tasks.", } @InProceedings{kotz:96, authorkey = "KotzD GrayR RusDD", author = "David Kotz and Robert Gray and Daniela Daniela Rus", title = "{Transportable Agents Support Worldwide Applications}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Seventh ACM SIGOPS European Workshop", year = "1996", month = sep, pages = "41--48", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/pub/kotz/papers/kotz:agents.ps.Z", keyword = "transportable agents, distributed computing, dfk", abstract = "Worldwide applications exist in an environment that is inherently distributed, dynamic, heterogeneous, insecure, unreliable, and unpredictable. In particular, the latency and bandwidth of network connections varies tremendously from place to place and time to time, particularly when considering wireless networks, mobile devices, and satellite connections. Applications in this environment must be able to adapt to different and changing conditions. We believe that transportable autonomous agents provide an excellent mechanism for the construction of such applications. We describe our prototype transportable-agent system and several applications.", } @TechReport{gray:96c, authorkey = "GrayRS KotzD NogS RusD CybenkoG", author = "Robert S. Gray and David Kotz and Saurab Nog and Daniela Rus and George Cybenko", title = "{Mobile Agents for Mobile Computing}", institution = "Dartmouth College, Computer Science", address = "Hanover, NH", number = "PCS-TR96-285", year = "1996", month = may, url = "ftp://ftp.cs.dartmouth.edu/TR/TR96-285.ps.Z", abstract = "Mobile agents are programs that can move through a network under their own control, migrating from host to host and interacting with other agents and resources on each. We argue that these mobile, autonomous agents have the potential to provide a convenient, efficient and robust programming paradigm for distributed applications, particularly when partially connected computers are involved. Partially connected computers include mobile computers such as laptops and personal digital assistants as well as modem-connected home computers, all of which are often disconnected from the network. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of our mobile-agent system, Agent Tcl, and the specific features that support mobile computers and disconnected operation. These features include network-sensing tools and a docking system that allows an agent to transparently move between mobile computers, regardless of when the computers connect to the network.", } @Misc{ousterhout:96, authorkey = "OusterhoutJK LevyJY WelchBB", author = "John K. Ousterhout and Jacob Y. Levy and Brent B. Welch", title = "{The Safe-Tcl Security Model}", year = "1996", institution = "Sun Microsystems Laboratories", address = "Mountain View, Ca, USA", url = "http://www.sunlabs.com/research/tcl/safeTcl.ps", abstract = "Safe-Tcl is a mechanism for controlling the execution of programs written in the Tcl scripting language. It allows untrusted scripts (applets) to be executed while preventing damage to the environment or leakage of private information. Safe-Tcl uses a padded cell approach: each applet is isolated in a safe interpreter where it cannot interact directly with the rest of the application. The execution environment of the safe interpreter is controlled by trusted scripts running in a master interpreter. Safe-Tcl provides an alias mechanism that allows applets to request services from the master interpreter in a controlled fashion. Safe-Tcl allows a variety of security policies to be implemented even within a single application, and it supports both policies that authenticate incoming scripts and those that do not.", } @InCollection{acharay:97, title = "{Sumatra: A Language for Resource-aware Mobile Programs}", authorkey = "AcharyaA RanganathanM SaltzJ", author = "Anurag Acharya and M. Ranganathan and Joel Saltz", booktitle = "Mobile Object Systems: Towards the Programmable Internet", editor = "J. Vitek and C. Tschudin", year = "1997", pages = "111--130", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science", volume = "1222", url = "http://www.cs.umd.edu/~acha/papers/lncs97-1.html", abstract = "Programs that use mobility as a mechanism to adapt to resource changes have three requirements that are not shared with other mobile programs. First, they need to monitor the level and quality of resources in their operating environment. Second, they need to be able to react to changes in resource availability. Third, they need to be able to control the way in which resources are used on their behalf (by libraries and other support code). In this chapter, we describe the design and implementation of Sumatra, an extension of Java that supports resource-aware mobile programs. We also describe the design and implementation of a distributed resource monitor that provides the information required by Sumatra programs.", } @InCollection{acharay:97b, title = "{Dynamic Linking for Mobile Programs}", authorkey = "AcharyaA SaltzJ", author = "Anurag Acharya and Joel Saltz", booktitle = "Mobile Object Systems: Towards the Programmable Internet", editor = "J. Vitek and C. Tschudin", year = "1997", pages = "245--262", publisher = "Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany", series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science", volume = "1222", url = "http://www.cs.umd.edu/~acha/papers/lncs97-2.html", abstract = "Dynamic linking provides functionality that is necessary for secure flexible use of mobile programs but it introduces a new class of runtime errors - unbound procedure names. In this chapter, we present a compiler-directed technique for safe dynamic linking for mobile programs. Our technique guarantees that linking failures can occur only when a program arrives at a new execution site and that this failure can be delivered to the program as an error code or an exception. We use interprocedural analysis to identify the set of names that must be linked at the different sites the program executes on. We use a combination of runtime and compile-time techniques to identify the calling context and to link only the names needed in that context. Our technique is able to handle recursive programs as well as separately compiled code that may itself be able to move. We discuss language constructs for controlling the behavior of dynamic linking and the implication of some of these constructs for application structure.", } @Article{etzioni:94b, title = "{A Softbot-Based Interface to the Internet}", authorkey = "EtzioniO WeldD", author = "Oren Etzioni and Daniel Weld", year = "1994", month = jul, pages = "72--76", number = "7", volume = "37", journal = "Communications of the ACM", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ai/etzioni/softbots/cacm.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{doorenbos:97, title = "A Scalable Comparison-Shopping Agent for the World-Wide Web", authorkey = "DoorenbosRB EtzioniO WeldDS", author = "Robert B. Doorenbos and Oren Etzioni and Daniel S. Weld", editor = "W. Lewis Johnson and Barbara Hayes-Roth", booktitle = "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Autonomous Agents (Agents'97)", pages = "39--48", publisher = "ACM Press", address = "Marina del Rey, CA, USA", date = feb # "~5--8,", year = "1997", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ai/shopbot.ps", } @InProceedings{etzioni:96, authorkey = "EtzioniO", author = "Oren Etzioni", title = "Moving Up the Information Food Chain: Deploying Softbots on the World Wide Web", pages = "1322--1326", ISBN = "0-262-51091-X", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the Eighth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference", month = aug # "4--8~", publisher = "AAAI Press / MIT Press", address = "Menlo Park", year = "1996", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/etzioni/softbots/a96.ps.gz", } @InCollection{etzioni:94f, authorkey = "EtzioniO WeldD", author = "Oren Etzioni and Daniel Weld", title = "The first law of robotics", editor = "O. Etzioni", booktitle = "Software Agents --- Papers from the 1994 Spring Symposium (Technical Report SS-94-03)", pages = "17--23", publisher = "AAAI Press", month = mar, year = "1994", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ai/first-law-aaai94.ps.Z", } @InProceedings{etzioni:94e, title = "{The First Law of Robotics (a Call to Arms)}", authorkey = "EtzioniO WeldD", author = "Oren Etzioni and Daniel Weld", year = "1994", month = jul, booktitle = "Proceedings of the 12th National Confenrence on A.I", url = "ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/ai", } @TechReport{johansen:95, title = "{An Introduction to the TACOMA Distributed System Version 1.0}", authorkey = "JohansenD RenesseR SchneiderFB", author = "Dag Johansen and Robbert van Renesse and Fred B. Schneider", institution = "University of Troms\o, Norway", number = "95-23", year = "1995", month = jun, url = "http://www.cs.uit.no/forskning/rapporter/Reports/9523.html", } @InProceedings{johansen:97, title = "{Performance Issues in TACOMA}", authorkey = "JohansenD SudmannNP RenesseR", author = "Dag Johansen and Nils P. Sudmann and Robbert van Renesse", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Mobile Object Systems, 11th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming", address = "Jyv{\"a}skyl{\"a}, Finland", month = jun, year = "1997", url = "http://www.tacoma.cs.uit.no/papers/ECOOP.tacoma.ps", abstract = "Mobile code performance depends, in part, on the costs of transferring an agent from one host to another and of initiating execution of that agent on a target host. These costs are reported for TACOMA (Troms\o\ and COrnell Moving Agents) v1.3, a UNIX-based system that supports agents. The experiments suggest opportunities for performance enhancements, both by changing the underlying operating system and by changing the architecture of the TACOMA run-time system.", } @InProceedings{karnik:97, title = "{System Support for Mobile Agents}", authorkey = "KarnikNM TripathiAR", author = "Neeran M. Karnik and Anand R. Tripathi", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Mobile Object Systems, 11th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming", address = "Jyv{\"a}skyl{