Appendix A - Plural categories

Note: This appendix belongs to the paper: Conway, D., An Algorithmic Approach to English Pluralization.

Table A.1: Irregular nouns

Singular form	Anglicized plural	Classical plural
`beef`	`beefs`	`beeves`
`brother`	`brothers`	`brethren`
`child`	(none)	`children`
`cow`	`cows`	`kine`
`ephemeris`	(none)	`ephemerides`
`genie`	`genies`	`genii`
`money`	`moneys`	`monies`
`mongoose`	`mongooses`	(none)
`mythos`	(none)	`mythoi`
`octopus`	`octopuses`	`octopodes`
`ox`	(none)	`oxen`
`soliloquy`	`soliloquies`	(none)
`trilby`	`trilbys`	(none)

Table A.2: Uninflected nouns

`bison`	`flounder`	`pliers`
`bream`	`gallows`	`proceedings`
`breeches`	`graffiti`	`rabies`
`britches`	`headquarters`	`salmon`
`carp`	`herpes`	`scissors`
`chassis`	`high-jinks`	`sea-bass`
`clippers`	`homework`	`series`
`cod`	`innings`	`shears`
`contretemps`	`jackanapes`	`species`
`corps`	`mackerel`	`swine`
`debris`	`measles`	`trout`
`diabetes`	`mews`	`tuna`
`djinn`	`mumps`	`whiting`
`eland`	`news`	`wildebeest`
`elk`	`pincers`

Table A.3: Singular nouns ending in a single `-s`

`acropolis`	`chaos`	`lens`
`aegis`	`cosmos`	`mantis`
`alias`	`dais`	`marquis`
`asbestos`	`digitalis`	`metropolis`
`atlas`	`epidermis`	`pathos`
`bathos`	`ethos`	`pelvis`
`bias`	`gas`	`polis`
`caddis`	`glottis`	`rhinoceros`
`cannabis`	`glottis`	`sassafras`
`canvas`	`ibis`	`trellis`

Table A.4: Sample ambiguous words (nouns or verbs)

`act`	`fight`	`run`
`bend`	`fire`	`saw`
`bent`	`like`	`sink`
`blame`	`look`	`sleep`
`copy`	`make`	`thought`
`cut`	`might`	`view`
`drink`	`reach`	`will`

Table A.5: Personal pronouns (nominative, accusative, and reflexive)

`1st Person`	`2nd Person`	`3rd Person`
`I ->` `we`	`you ->` `you` `thou` `->` `you\|ye`	`she ->` `they` `he ->` `they` `it ->` `they` `they ->` `they`
`me ->` `us`	`you ->` `you` `thee` `->` `you\|ye`	`her ->` `them` `him ->` `them` `it ->` `them` `them ->` `them`
`myself ->` `ourselves`	`yourself ->` `yourself` `thyself ->` `yourself`	`herself ->` `themselves` `himself ->` `themselves` `itself ->` `themselves` `themself ->` `themselves` `oneself` `->` `oneselves`

Table A.6: Possessive pronouns

`1st Person`	`2nd Person`	`3rd Person`
`mine ->` `ours`	`yours ->` `yours` `thine ->` `yours`	`hers ->` `theirs` `his ->` `theirs` `its ->` `theirs` `theirs ->` `theirs`

Table A.7: Personal possessive adjectives

`1st Person`	`2nd Person`	`3rd Person`
`my ->` `our`	`your ->` `your` `thy ->` `your`	`her ->` `their` `his ->` `their` `its ->` `their` `their ->` `their`

Table A.8: Irregular verbs

`1st Person`	`2nd Person`	`3rd Person`
`am ->` `are`	`are ->` `are`	`is ->` `are`
`was ->` `were`	`were ->` `were`	`was ->` `were`
`have ->` `have`	`have ->` `have`	`has ->` `have`

Table A.9: Uninflected verbs

`ate`	`had`	`sank`
`could`	`made`	`shall`
`did`	`must`	`should`
`fought`	`ought`	`sought`
`gave`	`put`	`spent`

Table A.10: `-a` to `-ae`

alumna alga vertebra

Table A.11: `-a` to `-as` (anglicized) or `-ae` (classical)

`abscissa`	`formula`	`medusa`
`amoeba`	`hydra`	`nebula`
`antenna`	`hyperbola`	`nova`
`aurora`	`lacuna`	`parabola`

Table A.12: `-a` to `-as` (anglicized) or `-ata` (classical)

`anathema`	`enema`	`oedema`
`bema`	`enigma`	`sarcoma`
`carcinoma`	`gumma`	`schema`
`charisma`	`lemma`	`soma`
`diploma`	`lymphoma`	`stigma`
`dogma`	`magma`	`stoma`
`drama`	`melisma`	`trauma`
`edema`	`miasma`

Table A.13: `-en` to `-ens` (anglicized) or `-ina` (classical)

stamen foramen lumen

Table A.14: `-ex` to `-ices`

codex murex silex

Table A.15: `-ex` to `-exes` (anglicized) or `-ices` (classical)

`apex`	`latex`	`vertex`
`cortex`	`pontifex`	`vortex`
`index`	`simplex`

Table A.16: `-is` to `-ises` (anglicized) or `-ides` (classical)

iris clitoris

Table A.17: `-o` to `-os`

`albino`	`generalissimo`	`manifesto`
`archipelago`	`ghetto`	`medico`
`armadillo`	`guano`	`octavo`
`commando`	`inferno`	`photo`
`ditto`	`jumbo`	`pro`
`dynamo`	`lingo`	`quarto`
`embryo`	`lumbago`	`rhino`
`fiasco`	`magneto`	`stylo`

Table A.18: `-o` to `-os` (anglicized) or `-i` (classical)

`alto`	`contralto`	`soprano`
`basso`	`crescendo`	`tempo`
`canto`	`solo`

Table A.19: `-on` to `-a`

`aphelion`	`hyperbaton`	`perihelion`
`asyndeton`	`noumenon`	`phenomenon`
`criterion`	`organon`	`prolegomenon`

Table A.20: `-um` to `-a`

`agendum`	`datum`	`extremum`
`bacterium`	`desideratum`	`stratum`
`candelabrum`	`erratum`	`ovum`

Table A.21: `-um` to `-ums` (anglicized) or `-a` (classical)

`aquarium`	`interregnum`	`quantum`
`compendium`	`lustrum`	`rostrum`
`consortium`	`maximum`	`spectrum`
`cranium`	`medium`	`speculum`
`curriculum`	`memorandum`	`stadium`
`dictum`	`millenium`	`trapezium`
`emporium`	`minimum`	`ultimatum`
`enconium`	`momentum`	`vacuum`
`gymnasium`	`optimum`	`velum`
`honorarium`	`phylum`

Table A.22: `-us` to `-uses` (anglicized) or `-i` (classical)

`focus`	`nimbus`	`succubus`
`fungus`	`nucleolus`	`torus`
`genius`	`radius`	`umbilicus`
`incubus`	`stylus`	`uterus`

Table A.23: `-us` to `-uses` (anglicized) or `-us` (classical)

`apparatus`	`impetus`	`prospectus`
`cantus`	`nexus`	`sinus`
`coitus`	`plexus`	`status`
`hiatus`

Table A.24: `-` to `-i`

afreet afrit efreet

Table A.25: `-` to `-im`

cherub goy seraph

Table A.26: `-general` to `-generals`

`Adjutant`	`Lieutenant`	`Quartermaster`
`Brigadier`	`Major`

Appendix A - Plural categories

Table A.1: Irregular nouns

Table A.2: Uninflected nouns

Table A.3: Singular nouns ending in a single -s

Table A.4: Sample ambiguous words (nouns or verbs)

Table A.5: Personal pronouns (nominative, accusative, and reflexive)

Table A.6: Possessive pronouns

Table A.7: Personal possessive adjectives

Table A.8: Irregular verbs

Table A.9: Uninflected verbs

Table A.10: -a to -ae

Table A.11: -a to -as (anglicized) or -ae (classical)

Table A.12: -a to -as (anglicized) or -ata (classical)

Table A.13: -en to -ens (anglicized) or -ina (classical)

Table A.14: -ex to -ices

Table A.15: -ex to -exes (anglicized) or -ices (classical)

Table A.16: -is to -ises (anglicized) or -ides (classical)

Table A.17: -o to -os

Table A.18: -o to -os (anglicized) or -i (classical)

Table A.19: -on to -a

Table A.20: -um to -a

Table A.21: -um to -ums (anglicized) or -a (classical)

Table A.22: -us to -uses (anglicized) or -i (classical)

Table A.23: -us to -uses (anglicized) or -us (classical)

Table A.24: - to -i

Table A.25: - to -im

Table A.26: -general to -generals